Portuguese Version of the Watching TV Series Motives Questionnaire: what does this have to do with Loneliness? A Bidirectional Relationship

The objective of this study was twofold: to validate the Watching TV Series Motives Questionnaire (WTSMQ) for the Portuguese population and to understand its relationship with loneliness. WTSMQ was validated through an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Besides, multi-group CFAs according to gender were conducted having been tested four levels of measurement invariance: configural, metric, scalar, and error variance. Several multiple linear regressions were carried out to estimate the relationship between sociodemographics, series preferences, loneliness and watching TV series motives. Results showed that the Portuguese version of WTSMQ presents good psychometric properties and that configural and metric were achieved, but not scalar and error variance invariance providing some evidence that the WTSMQ operates similarly in males and females. Results also showed that gender, age, TV series preferences, and loneliness contribute to explain different dimensions of Watching TV Series Motives. Also, sociodemographic variables, TV series preferences and WTSMQ subscales explain loneliness. The relationship between the motives for binge-watching and loneliness is bidirectional; sociodemographic variables and series preferences that explain those motives and loneliness overlap. Implications for tracking problematic Binge-watching situations are discussed. (AU)

Exploring the Nature of Near-Death Experiences in Iranian Experiencers: A Case Study of the Participants in the Life after Life TV Series.

Near-death experiences (NDEs) are complex and challenging. The development of research on NDEs helps to understand and recognize this complex human phenomenon more effectively. The present study sought to explore the nature of NDEs in the lived experiences of Iranian who experienced near-death incidents (NDErs) using a qualitative phenomenological approach. The participants were 34 persons selected from Iranian NDErs. The collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step content analysis with MAXQDA software (version 2021). The data revealed 11 semantic codes about the nature of NDEs reported by Iranian NDErs. Overall, the results showed that the components of NDEs in many cases are similar to the nature of NDEs of the world. However, the type and quality of the positive and negative NDEs reported by Iranian people are different in terms of the feedback of actions and the return to the body compared to other NDEs reported by people in other countries.

CCLOOW: Chinese children's lexicon of oral words.

In this article, we introduce the Chinese Children's Lexicon of Oral Words (CCLOOW), the first lexical database based on animated movies and TV series for 3-to-9-year-old Chinese children. The database computes from 2.7 million character tokens and 1.8 million word tokens. It contains 3920 unique character and 22,229 word types. CCLOOW reports frequency and contextual diversity metrics of the characters and words, as well as length and syntactic categories of the words. CCLOOW frequency and contextual diversity measures correlated well with other Chinese lexical databases, particularly well with that computed from children's books. The predictive validity of CCLOOW measures were confirmed with Grade 2 children's naming and lexical decision experiments. Further, we found that CCLOOW frequencies could explain a considerable proportion in adults' written word recognition, indicating that early language experience might have lasting impacts on the mature lexicon. CCLOOW provides validated frequency and contextual diversity estimates that complements current children's lexical database based on written language samples. It is freely accessible online at https://www.learn2read.cn/ccloow .

Successful ageing and the spectre of the fourth age in the Netflix TV series Grace and Frankie.

With its potential to engage a large audience and mark emerging social tendencies and with the rich narrative space that the seriality can bring, TV series can be a valuable cultural site through which to explore ageing as an experience in time. The Netflix's longest-running TV series Grace and Frankie (2015-2022) exhibits such potential, bringing together ageing and friendship into the popular cultural domain. Set in the contemporary US, the show closely follows two over-70, newly divorced, female protagonists and friends, Grace (Jane Fonda) and Frankie (Lily Tomlin). Depicting the new opportunities and experiences they gain and drawing on the star persona of Fonda and Tomlin, the show presents an optimistic narrative of ageing into old age. This optimism, however, is more ambivalent about ageing than it appears, as it emerges from the context of the neoliberalization of ageing in the US and other Western societies. Considering friendship, entrepreneurship, the ageing woman's body and sexuality, and care in the show, we demonstrate how the show's optimism is premised on the construction of the neoliberal, successfully ageing subject in the two protagonists and on the othering of the fourth age, "'black hole' of ageing," as a time and space marked by the failing of the body, vulnerability and dependency (Higgs & Gilleard, 2015, 16). While the show's explicit engagement with the bodily ageing in some ways makes it more relevant to older audience, its evocation of the fourth age reflects and reinforces the broader cultural anxiety around it. Ultimately, the show brings in the fourth age only to reiterate the two protagonists' credentials as successful agers.

How Are Autism Spectrum Disorder and Savant Skills Treated in Cinematographic Works? A Study Focusing on Korean Movies and TV Series.

Numerous films and TV series worldwide have depicted characters with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and savant skills. This study describes the portrayal of ASD and savant skills in Korean films and dramas. Starting with the 2005 film Marathon, characters with ASD have been featured in five films and four dramas. Most portrayals were based on the diagnostic criteria and pathogenesis of ASD, as outlined in the DSM-5. Of the 10 characters with ASD in these films and dramas, seven were male and three were female, with seven of them possessing savant skills. In the future, caution and guidance on the general characteristics of ASD from experts should be provided with the release of ASD-based films and TV dramas in Korea; in addition, critiques and social discourse pertinent to the reality of ASD should be provided by people with ASD, their families, and relevant experts.

Short report: Autistic adults' recommendations on how to improve autistic portrayals in TV-series and movies.

BACKGROUND: TV-series and movies are important sources of knowledge about autism for the general public. AIMS: This study's purpose was to elicit autistic adults' opinions on portrayals of autistic characters in film and television productions and how this can be improved. METHODS AND PROCEDURE: In this study, we examined the recommendations of autistic adults (n = 798, Mage = 30.3, 48% female) and non-autistic adults (n = 1463, Mage = 35.0, 62% female) from 90 countries on how film and television productions can improve autistic portrayals. OUTCOMES AND RESULTS: Autistic adults rated three improvement factors as most important: (1) Appointing autistic writers, (2) Having an autistic consultant, and (3) Representing greater diversity in autistic characters. Compared to the non-autistic groups, autistic adults rated "Appointing autistic writers" as more important. Autistic participants also endorsed "Having an autism-expert consultant" and "Making the character display all relevant diagnostic criteria" significantly less than non-autistic groups. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: Participants strongly endorsed that autistic adults should to a much larger extent be included as writers, consultants and actors to enhance the making of autistic characters in film and TV.

Saúde mental de idosos: uma análise da série Unidade Básica (2016) / Mental health of older adults: an analysis of the series Unidade Básica(2016) / Salud mental del las personas mayores: un análisis de la serie Unidade Básica (2016)

Este artigo tem o objetivo de analisar dois episódios da primeira temporada da Unidade Básica (2016), a fim de identificar sentidos sobre a saúde mental de idosos. Esta série televisiva foi divulgada pela Universal Channel e escrita por Helena Petta, Newton Cannito e Ana Petta. Apenas dois episódios compõem o corpus desta pesquisa; os outros foram desconsiderados por não abordarem o tema. O primeiro trata de Vilma, uma idosa que abandonou o autocuidado por causa da depressão, e o quarto fala sobre Eraldo, um idoso que ficou depressivo em razão de problemas financeiros, amorosos e alcoólicos. A análise de narrativas será utilizada como metodologia, possibilitando a identificação e a interpretação crítica dos sentidos sobre idosos e saúde mental. De forma geral, os resultados revelaram que os episódios não seguem uma visão holística, desconsiderando, portanto, a necessidade de cuidar da saúde física e mental das pessoas idosas para lhes proporcionar bem-estar.

This article aims to analyze two episodes of the first season of Unidade Básica (2016) in order to identify meanings about the mental health of older adults. This series was broadcast by Universal Channel and written by Helena Petta, Newton Cannito and Ana Petta. Only two episodes compose the corpus of this research; the others were disregarded because they do not deal with the theme. The first episode narrated the story of Vilma, an older woman who was depressed and then abandoned self-care. The fourth episode was about Eraldo, an older man who became depressed due to his financial, love and alcoholic problems. The narrative analysis was used as a methodology, enabling the identification and critical interpretation of meanings about older people and mental health. In general, the results reveal that the episodes do not follow a holistic view, disregarding the need to take care of physical and mental health to provide the well-being of them.

Este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar dos episodios de la primera temporada de Unidade Básica(2016) con el fin de identificar significados sobre la salud mental de los adultos mayores. Esta serie fue transmitida por Universal Channel y escrita por Helena Petta, Newton Cannito y Ana Petta. Sólo dos episodios constituyen el corpus de esta investigación; los demás fueron descartados por no retratar el tema. El primer episodio narra la historia de Vilma, una mujer la tercera edad que abandonó el autocuidado a causa de su estado de depresión. El cuarto episodio fue sobre Eraldo, un hombre también de la tercera edad, que se deprimió por problemas económicos, amorosos y alcohólicos. Se utilizó como metodología el análisis narrativo, que permitió la identificación e interpretación crítica de significados sobre las personas mayores y la salud mental. En general, los resultados revelan que los dos episodios no siguen una visión holística, desconociendo la necesidad de cuidar de la salud física y mental para proporcionar bienestar a las personas mayores.

Cuando las drogas ya no molan. Narrativas de madurez sobre la adicción de Skins a Euphoria / When drugs are no longer cool. Coming-of-age narratives on addiction from Skins to Euphoria

Introducción: Las series de televisión pueden actuar como una de las principales fuentes de información sobre las adicciones. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre la representación fiel de la adicción en cuanto a su realidad clínica y social es todavía escasa, principalmente porque requiere un enfoque interdisciplinar de mayor complejidad. Metodología: este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la representación narrativa de la adicción a las drogas a través de dos estudios de caso de las series de televisión: Euphoria (Levinson et al., 2017-2021) y Skins (Elsley et al., 2013-2017). Además, pretende identificar qué estereotipos siguen predominando en la pantalla. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que las series de televisión actuales intentan optar por mejores representaciones. Discusión y conclusiones: a pesar de la complejidad de los imaginarios sobre las drogas en estas series, todavía se produce una perpetuación de ideas y representaciones erróneas debido a una tensión entre mostrar valores realistas y educativos (edutainment) o bien optar por un drama audiovisual y narrativo apasionante. Finalmente, cabe señalar que la serie de televisión critica cómo la responsabilidad de la recuperación recae en la persona y no en el sistema. (AU)

Introduction: Television series can act as one of the primary sources of information on addiction. However, research on the accurate representation of addiction concerning its clinical and social reality is still lacking, mainly because it requires an interdisciplinary approach with higher complexity. Methods_ this article aims to analyze the narrative depiction of drug addiction through two TV series case studies_ Euphoria (Levinson et al., 2017-2021) and Skins (Elsley et al., 2013-2017). Moreover, it intends to identify which stereotypes are still predominant on-screen. Results_ current TV series try to opt for better representations. Discussion_ the perpetuation of misconceptions and misrepresentations is still due to a tension between showing realistic, educational values (edutainment) and opting for a gripping audio-visual and narrative drama. Finally, the TV series criticizes how the responsibility for the recovery is placed on the persona rather than the system. (AU)

When drugs are no longer cool. Coming-of-age narratives on addiction from Skins to Euphoria / Cuando las drogas ya no molan. Narrativas de madurez sobre la adicción de Skins a Euphoria

Introduction: Television series can act as one of the primary sources of information on addiction. However, research on the accurate representation of addiction concerning its clinical and social reality is still lacking, mainly because it requires an interdisciplinary approach with higher complexity. Methods_ this article aims to analyze the narrative depiction of drug addiction through two TV series case studies_ Euphoria (Levinson et al., 2017-2021) and Skins (Elsley et al., 2013-2017). Moreover, it intends to identify which stereotypes are still predominant on-screen. Results_ current TV series try to opt for better representations. Discussion_ the perpetuation of misconceptions and misrepresentations is still due to a tension between showing realistic, educational values (edutainment) and opting for a gripping audio-visual and narrative drama. Finally, the TV series criticizes how the responsibility for the recovery is placed on the persona rather than the system. (AU)

Introducción: Las series de televisión pueden actuar como una de las principales fuentes de información sobre las adicciones. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre la representación fiel de la adicción en cuanto a su realidad clínica y social es todavía escasa, principalmente porque requiere un enfoque interdisciplinar de mayor complejidad. Metodología: este artículo tiene como objetivo analizar la representación narrativa de la adicción a las drogas a través de dos estudios de caso de las series de televisión: Euphoria (Levinson et al., 2017-2021) y Skins (Elsley et al., 2013-2017). Además, pretende identificar qué estereotipos siguen predominando en la pantalla. Resultados: Los resultados muestran que las series de televisión actuales intentan optar por mejores representaciones. Discusión y conclusiones: a pesar de la complejidad de los imaginarios sobre las drogas en estas series, todavía se produce una perpetuación de ideas y representaciones erróneas debido a una tensión entre mostrar valores realistas y educativos (edutainment) o bien optar por un drama audiovisual y narrativo apasionante. Finalmente, cabe señalar que la serie de televisión critica cómo la responsabilidad de la recuperación recae en la persona y no en el sistema. (AU)

Consumo problemático de alcohol en docentes: análisis de los imaginarios sociales en las series Merlí Sapere Aude y The Chair / Problematic alcohol consumption in teachers: analysis of social imaginaries in the series Merlí Sapere Aude and The Chair

Introducción: El uso nocivo de alcohol tiene efectos perjudiciales tanto para el bebedor como para la sociedad en general. Las instituciones educativas realizan acciones preventivas y de reducción de daños que están orientadas hacia estudiantes. Sin embargo, muy pocas investigaciones indagan sobre los hábitos de consumo de los docentes, y las consecuencias que tienen sobre su rol. En este escrito proponemos analizar los imaginarios sociales de dos series contemporáneas en torno al consumo problemático de alcohol en docentes. Metodología: Realizamos un análisis de contenido cualitativo de las series Merlí Sapere Aude (España, 2019-2021) y The Chair (Estados Unidos, 2021) con el fin de explorar, desde una perspectiva relacional, los distintos factores que inciden en el consumo de alcohol de dos personajes con esta problemática. Resultados: Los resultados reflejan la representación de diversos factores sociales e individuales en el consumo de estos personajes, poniendo el foco especialmente en sus circunstancias socio-familiares. Las instituciones educativas de estas series responden al consumo problemático de alcohol de sus docentes sancionándolos y apartándolos de sus cargos. Discusión y conclusiones: Los imaginarios que circulan en estas series refuerzan creencias que niegan que el consumo problemático de alcohol es una problemática de salud y depositan la responsabilidad por el consumo únicamente en el individuo. Esto pone de relieve la necesidad de promover que las instituciones educativas también consideren a la población docente como destinataria de las acciones de reducción de daños y prevención de los consumos problemáticos. (AU)

Introduction: The harmful use of alcohol has negative effects both for the drinker and for society in general. Educational institutions carry out preventive and harm reduction actions that are oriented towards students and mainly in charge of teachers. However, very few investigations address the consumption habits of these professionals and the consequences it has on their role. In this paper we aim to analyze the social imaginaries that circulate in two contemporary series regarding the problematic consumption of alcohol in teachers. Methodology: We carried out a qualitative content analysis of the series Merlí Sapere Aude (Spain, 2019-2021) and The Chair (United States, 2021) in order to explore, from a relational perspective, the different factors that affect the consumption of alcohol of two characters with this problem. Results: The results reflect the representation of various social and individual factors in the consumption of these characters, focusing especially on their socio-family circumstances. The educational institutions in these series respond to their teachers’ problematic use of alcohol by sanctioning them and removing them from their posts.Discussion and conclusions: The imaginaries represented in these series reinforce beliefs that deny that problematic alcohol consumption is a health problem and place the responsibility for consumption solely on the individual. This highlights the need to encourage educational institutions to also consider the teaching population as care recipients of actions to reduce harm and prevent problematic consumption. (AU)

Problematic alcohol consumption in teachers: analysis of social imaginaries in the series Merlí Sapere Aude and The Chair / Consumo problemático de alcohol en docentes: análisis de los imaginarios sociales en las series Merlí Sapere Aude y The Chair

Introduction: The harmful use of alcohol has negative effects both for the drinker and for society in general. Educational institutions carry out preventive and harm reduction actions that are oriented towards students and mainly in charge of teachers. However, very few investigations address the consumption habits of these professionals and the consequences it has on their role. In this paper we aim to analyze the social imaginaries that circulate in two contemporary series regarding the problematic consumption of alcohol in teachers. Methodology: We carried out a qualitative content analysis of the series Merlí Sapere Aude (Spain, 2019-2021) and The Chair (United States, 2021) in order to explore, from a relational perspective, the different factors that affect the consumption of alcohol of two characters with this problem. Results: The results reflect the representation of various social and individual factors in the consumption of these characters, focusing especially on their socio-family circumstances. The educational institutions in these series respond to their teachers’ problematic use of alcohol by sanctioning them and removing them from their posts.Discussion and conclusions: The imaginaries represented in these series reinforce beliefs that deny that problematic alcohol consumption is a health problem and place the responsibility for consumption solely on the individual. This highlights the need to encourage educational institutions to also consider the teaching population as care recipients of actions to reduce harm and prevent problematic consumption. (AU)

Introducción: El uso nocivo de alcohol tiene efectos perjudiciales tanto para el bebedor como para la sociedad en general. Las instituciones educativas realizan acciones preventivas y de reducción de daños que están orientadas hacia estudiantes. Sin embargo, muy pocas investigaciones indagan sobre los hábitos de consumo de los docentes, y las consecuencias que tienen sobre su rol. En este escrito proponemos analizar los imaginarios sociales de dos series contemporáneas en torno al consumo problemático de alcohol en docentes. Metodología: Realizamos un análisis de contenido cualitativo de las series Merlí Sapere Aude (España, 2019-2021) y The Chair (Estados Unidos, 2021) con el fin de explorar, desde una perspectiva relacional, los distintos factores que inciden en el consumo de alcohol de dos personajes con esta problemática. Resultados: Los resultados reflejan la representación de diversos factores sociales e individuales en el consumo de estos personajes, poniendo el foco especialmente en sus circunstancias socio-familiares. Las instituciones educativas de estas series responden al consumo problemático de alcohol de sus docentes sancionándolos y apartándolos de sus cargos. Discusión y conclusiones: Los imaginarios que circulan en estas series refuerzan creencias que niegan que el consumo problemático de alcohol es una problemática de salud y depositan la responsabilidad por el consumo únicamente en el individuo. Esto pone de relieve la necesidad de promover que las instituciones educativas también consideren a la población docente como destinataria de las acciones de reducción de daños y prevención de los consumos problemáticos. (AU)

Impact of instruction based on movie and TV series clips on EFL learners' pragmatic competence: Speech acts in focus.

This study attempts to investigate the role of movie and TV series clips in enhancing EFL learners' pragmatic competence by utilizing an experimental design. The sample of the study was 42 students from the English language department at Cihan University-Duhok, Iraq. The experiment lasted one academic semester. The participants' English language proficiency, as determined by an IELTS test sample, was intermediate, and then they were randomly split into two groups, namely experimental and control. Before and after the treatment, a Written Discourse Completion Test (WDCT) served as a pre-and post-test given to the two groups to assess statistically significant differences between them. The experimental group received direct instruction on request and suggestion speech acts via the presentation of the carefully chosen movie and TV series clips. In contrast, the control group was exposed to a minimal amount of pragmatics through printed texts. The findings demonstrated that the experimental group outperformed the control group. More precisely, the findings revealed that movie and TV series clips had a significant influence on learners' production of requests and suggestions. Considering the above findings, the researchers propose EFL teachers apply movie and TV series clips to improve their Students' pragmatic competence in class.

The impact of TV series consumption on cultural knowledge: An empirical study based on gratification-cultivation theory.

This study aims to clarify the media-induced trends of cross-cultural transmission and examine the implicit promotional potential for cultural branding. The gratification and cultivation theories are used to explore the promotional media prospect in forming perceptions of foreign cultures' traditions, habits, norms, and values to contribute to international communication. We analyzed the theoretical applicability in the case of China-Thailand contemporary media culture. A total of 856 Chinese series watchers were surveyed. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the path effect of consumption of Chinese TV series on other endogenous variables. Results showed that cross-cultural media product consumption strengthens bilateral relations. Moreover, the acceptance and appropriation during engagement with media characters and producers lead to favorable attitudes toward the target culture. Results confirm the positive mutual association between the gratification and cultivation theories and their applicability in the current context. This study offers an important contribution through its finding that the need for gratification significantly and positively impacts consumption and cross-cultural learning and raises cross-cultural awareness, thereby leading to sustainable practices.

Digital Narratives During the Pandemic: TV Series, Social Media, and Conversations on the Internet.

The situation of lockdown experienced during the months from March to June 2020 changed the daily lives of people in Spain and their leisure circumstances. This study analyses the narrative representations that people construct when they watched streaming TV series, during the covid-19 pandemic. To access these representations, the Spanish texts that appear on the Internet are analysed, including social networks and other social media. The paper adopts quantitative approaches that use big data analysis complemented with other qualitative approaches and inspired by content and discourse analysis. Findings show that these narrative representations constructed through conversations are on three levels in which context is revealed: first, institutional and community; second, online or offline interpersonal relationships which mention people as facts or as aspirations of their daily lives; and third, personal lives in the reconstruction of the series, projected on the plot reconstruction and the identity of the actors.

Polydimensional Structure and Psychosocial Functions of the Direct Address in TV Series.

Traditionally, in media studies research, the direct address or aside, i.e., a construction in which a speaker communicates a message directly to the audience breaking the continuity of the narrative flow, has been investigated mainly for its dramaturgical function. The present study aims to consider the direct address as a research object of the social psychology of communication to increase our understanding of this technique by going beyond the analysis of its dramaturgical function. In particular, the direct address will be examined through an integrated approach based on argumentative and conversational tools to highlight its less known polydimensional structure, i.e., diegetic and extra-diegetic dimensions and their interactions, and psychosocial functions, i.e., connecting the characters among each other within the show as well as with the audience. This objective will be achieved by analyzing two different direct addresses from the American TV series House of Cards. The analysis showed that the direct address performs its dramaturgical function by impacting both diegetic and extradiegetic levels. In the first case, as considered in previous studies, these plans are activated in parallel, aiming to build what we have defined as the "strategic subjectivity" of the character who employs this technique. Instead, in the second case-which comprises two direct addresses produced by two different characters-this technique involves the creation of what we will call "platforms of intersubjectivity." In this occurrence, the dramaturgical action establishes a "bridge" between the diegetic and extradiegetic plans that act synergistically. In conclusion, the present study shows how an integrated approach based on argumentative and conversational tools of analysis permits to enlarge the traditional media studies perspective, highlighting the less investigated polydimensional structure and analyzing the psychosocial functions of the direct address, here considered as a research object of the social psychology of communication examined in its diegetic and extra-diegetic dimensions. The integration of the pragma-dialectical approach to argumentation with the interlocutory logic theory has brought to light a new modality of use of the direct address that can be termed "intersubjective aside," a type of aside that can be added to the three already known, i.e., aside ad spectatores, monological aside, and dialogical aside.

Corrigendum: Is Watching TV Series an Adaptive Coping Strategy During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Insights From an Italian Community Sample.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.599859.].

Is Watching TV Series an Adaptive Coping Strategy During the COVID-19 Pandemic? Insights From an Italian Community Sample.

Social distancing and lockdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic substantially impacted individuals' daily habits and well-being. Within such a context, digital technology may provide a welcome source of alternative forms of connection and entertainment. Indeed, streaming services showed a remarkable increase in membership subscriptions throughout the period considered. However, excessive involvement in watching TV series has recently become a subject of scholarly concern as it may represent an emerging form of addictive behavior with the features of what has been labeled as "binge-watching" (i.e., watching multiple episodes of TV series in a single session). The current study aimed to assess TV series watching behaviors and related motivations, as well as their relationships with depression, stress and anxiety, in a sample of Italian adults during the COVID-19 lockdown. Specifically, we aimed to explore which patterns of motivations and emotional states influenced either a high but healthy engagement in watching TV series, or promoted problematic and uncontrolled watching behavior under such circumstances. A total of 715 adults (M = 31.70, SD = 10.81; 71.5% female) from all over Italy were recruited (from 1st to 30th April 2020) through advertisements via social media platforms of Italian university communities and other online groups. Two multiple hierarchical regression analyses were performed with non-problematic and problematic TV series watching set as dependent variables. Results showed that people spent more time watching TV series during the pandemic lockdown, especially women who also reported higher levels of anxiety and stress than men. Moreover, both non-problematic (R 2 = 0.56; p < 0.001) and problematic (R 2 = 0.33; p < 0.001) TV series watching behaviors were equally induced by anxiety symptoms and escapism motivation, thereby suggesting that watching TV series during the COVID-19 lockdown probably served as a recovery strategy to face such a stressful situation. Finally, our findings also suggest that enrichment motives may protect from uncontrolled and potentially addictive watching behaviors. These findings, therefore, hold important implications, particularly for avoiding the over-pathologization of excessive involvement in online activities emerging as a result of specific distressing situations.

Singularizar una muerte digna / Singularize a dignified death

¿Pueden las ficciones televisivas devenir una vía regia para abordar el espinoso problema de la "buena muerte" ­euthanasía­? La Ley de Muerte Digna promulgada en Argentina en 2012 y aplicada por primera vez en 2015 integra el grupo de los llamados "nuevos derechos". Su adecuada comprensión y aplicación requiere de conocimientos del campo jurídico y de la subjetividad. Este artículo analiza un episodio de la primera temporada de la serie Ps! (Calligaris, HBO, 2014). Se trata del caso de una anciana que transita una enfermedad irreversible, y cuyos hijos no acuerdan cómo encarar la fase final de su vida. La entrada de un psicoanalista en la situación permite un movimiento que ejemplifica el valor singular de la asunción del derecho a la muerte digna. Lo que proponemos con la fórmula: Singularizar un derecho.

Can television fictions become a royal way to tackle the thorny problem of the "good death" - euthanasia -? The Dignified Death Law enacted in Argentina in 2012 and applied for the first time in 2015 is part of the group of so-called "new rights". Its proper understanding and application requires knowledge of the legal field and subjectivity. This article analyzes an episode of the first season of the series Ps! (Calligaris, HBO, 2014). This is the case of an old woman who is experiencing an irreversible disease, and whose children do not agree on how to face the final phase of her life. The entry of a psychoanalyst into the situation allows a movement that exemplifies the singular value of the assumption of the right to a dignified death. What we propose with the formula: Singularize a right.

Binge-Watching: Development and Validation of the Binge-Watching Addiction Questionnaire.

The approach to the vision of TV series has deeply changed in the last years, and watching multiple episodes of TV content in a single session becomes a popular viewing pattern referred as binge-watching. Early studies defined binge-watching as a potentially addictive behavior showing characteristics similar to other behavioral addictions, such as loss of control and pleasure anticipation. This study aims to validate a short self-report questionnaire focused on assessing binge-watching behavior and determining whether it shows characteristics similar to addictive behavior, the Binge-Watching Addiction Questionnaire (BWAQ). An online survey was adopted to administer the questionnaire in the general population (N = 1277). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses assessed both the validity and the structure of the scale in two independent samples. The statistical analyses confirmed a four-factor model (i.e., "Craving", "Dependency", "Anticipation", "Avoidance") of the BWAQ with good psychometric properties. The BWAQ can differentiate between people who adopt maladaptive watching activities from those who use TV-series as leisure and entertainment activities. Therefore, this questionnaire may enable researchers to improve this emerging field of research significantly.

Is binge-watching addictive? Effects of motives for TV series use on the relationship between excessive media consumption and problematic viewing habits.

This study investigates the circumstances under which binge-watching can become a problematic behavior. Applying a user-centered perspective, it demonstrates how different motivations to engage in high-dosage TV series consumption influence the occurrence of problematic viewing habits. A quantitative online survey of N = 415 media users with access to at least one streaming service was conducted. The questionnaire assessed current viewing habits, motivations to watch series, and indicators of problematic viewing habits. The results suggest that frequency of use, motives to engage in high dosage viewing sessions, as well as the combined effect of these two factors help to explain problematic viewing behaviors. Moreover, the results give cause to refrain from a generalizing problematization of binge-watching.